Western Front
Battle of the Somme: Successful British 47th Division counter-attack at Eaucourt l’Abbaye.
Fighting continues at the Somme, but rains and mud prevent large-scale infantry attacks and artillery bombardment.
Battle of Verdun: 800 French guns begin silencing German artillery (until October 20).
Eastern Front
Transylvania: Battle of Kronstadt and the Geisterwald (until October 9): Falkenhayn attacks Rumanian Second Army, forces it from Fogaras (October 6) and retakes Kronstadt (October 8), takes Torzburg and pass (October 8-9). Rumanian Fourth Army continues advance in north.
Another source claims that the Romanian Second Army takes offensive near Fogaras and in region Roter Turm Pass.
Austro-Hungarian gunboats destroy a Romanian pontoon bridge over the Danube River.
Romanian Northern Army (4th) left wing, 12 miles south-east of Maros Vasarhely, continues to advance.
Brusilov offensive, Pripet: Russian Eighth Army gains some ground west of Lutsk (until October 5), objective Vladimir Volymski.
Southern Front
General Bulgarian retreat on whole line Nidje Planina to Krushograd (Florina).
After considerable fighting British take Yenikeui (also spelled Yenikoi ) on left bank Struma, and hold against Bulgarian attacks (until October 4), casualties 1,248 since September 30; 1,375 Bulgars killed; 342 PoWs taken.
Political, etc.
Japan: Japanese Prime Minister Ōkuma Shigenobu announces his resignation due to a corruption scandal:
http://imgur.com/TOCZW20
Belgium: Gouverneur-General Bissing decrees forced labour in Germany for Belgian unemployed; 15,000 deported by 24; 50,000 by November 19.
Greece: Greek Cabinet (Kalogeropoulos) resign; more officers leave to join Venizelos in Crete (see October 2).
Philippines: The first ever Senate elections are held in the Philippines, a U.S. colony. Manuel L. Quezon’s Nacionalista Party wins 20 out of 22 seats.